👉 Circulation math is a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of flows or currents, particularly in fluid dynamics, but its principles extend to various fields like economics and data science. At its core, circulation measures the total amount of fluid (or any other substance) that moves around a closed curve or path over time. Mathematically, it's calculated as the line integral of the velocity field along the curve, often expressed as ∫_C V(r) · dr dt, where V is the velocity vector field, r is the position vector of a point on the curve, and C is the closed path. This integral quantifies how much fluid "circulates" through the curve, providing insights into the dynamics of the system. In circulation math, concepts like the circulation theorem (Stokes' theorem) link the circulation around a closed curve to the integral of the curl of the velocity field over the surface bounded by that curve, offering a powerful tool for analyzing complex systems.
